Combined heat and power production in Sweden

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Brista CHP plant

Hässelby CHP plant

Högdalen CHP plant

Värtaverket CHP plant

Since 1997 there is a bio fueled combined heat and power plant in Märsta in the municipality of Sigtuna. The Brista plant is together with the Hässelby plant one of the two main production plants in the north western district heating grid in the Stockholm area. The grid supplies the municipalities of Sigtuna, Arlanda, Upplands Väsby, Vällingby, Järvafältet and Sollentuna with district heat.

The plant in Brista producers 763 GWh heat and 293 GWh electricity every year. The electricity are sold on the Nordic electricity exchange, Nordpool. 350 000 tonnes of wood chips are burned every year to produce the electricity and heat. Thanks to the combined production of both electricity and heat as much as 90 % of the energy in the fuel is used.

The high efficiency has made Bristaverket a big contributor to the reduction of pollution from heating of buildings in north western Stockholm. This has been possible when more and more customers have gone from individual heating to district heating. We are proud of what we have done so far, but we will not stop at that. We will add new CHP-capacity to the Brista plant. The new boiler we will be fuelled by recycle waste.

The construction of the Bristaplant begun on November 29th 1994 and in Februari 1997 the plant was ready. At the time of its inauguration it was one of the biggest bio fuelled CHP-plants in Sweden.

In 2002 a so called heat gas condensation unite was installed in the plant. Heat gas condensation is a method to subtract heat energy from the fume gases that are formed in the combustion process in the CHP-plant. Depending on fuel, in Bristas case wood chips, the heat gases contains some amount of water vapour and by cooling the heat gases to its dew point the vapour condensates and condensed heat is released. The heat is used and added to the district heating grid. The heat gas condensation unite in the Brista Plant adds some extra effect of 30 MW heat.

Since 2004 the Brista and Hässelby plants are connected in a big combined grid, the North Western grid. The grid has a length of about 264 kilometres and a total volume of 34 000 m3. Thanks to the connection it is possible to adapt the production of heat and electricity to the most favourable fuel for the moment.

In 2006 the Brista Fuel Terminal (BBM) was inaugerated. BBM is a railroad terminal station for unloading bio and jet fuels. BBM makes it possible to deliver bio fuel via rail road as complement to trucks. This decreases the climate impact of transports to the CHP-plant. The Arlanda airport uses the BBM for transport of jet fuel. Via a pipeline from BBM the jet fuel is transported to the jet fuel depot at the Arlanda airport. This solution has made transport of jet fuel through the central parts of Stockholm redundant.

Download Brista CHP power plant brochure.pdf

By the shoreline of Lake Mälaren lays Stockholms first plant for combined heat and power production.The Hässelby plant was put into production in 1959. In the beginning the plant used oil and coal fuels, but since then three out of four boilers have been converted and today nearly 100 % of the production is based on wood pellets a bio fuel. Today the Hässelby plant produces electricity and heat for aprox. 60 000 households.

The CHP-plant in Hässelby produces electricity and heat. The Hässelby plant was put into production in 1959 and replaced a large part of Stockholms small oil fuelled boiler centrals with environmentally friendly electricity and district heating. A new era began in Stockholm when the plant was put into production.

In the beginning the demand for the heat and electricity that produced in the plant was low, but the plant was built for the future. Today more then 75 % of the real estate area in Stockholm is heated by district heating. Thanks to the Hässelby plant the air in western Stockholm is much cleaner compared to a individual heating solution was used.

Since 2004 the plant is connected to the wood chips fuelled Brista plant in the Sigtuna municipality through the northwestern district heating grid. The grid has a length of 264 kilometre and a total volume of 34 000 m3. Thanks to the connection it is possible to adapt the production of heat and electricity to the most favourable fuel for the moment. The grid supports the municipalities of Sigtuna, Arlanda, Upplands Väsby, Hässelby, Vällingby, Järvafältet and Sollentuna with district heating.

The Hässelby plant has four boilers. The three boilers P1-P3, built in 1959, are connected to the district heating grid. They have an effect of 100 MW each and have a steam turbine each. The fourth boiler P4, built in 1969, is only for electricity production and is since 1999 put in long term conservation.

District heating is good for the environment. A big plant can use the energy in a fuel much more efficient than many small plants. In a big plant it is also possible from an economical point of view to install equipment for purifying the fume gases. The plant is mainly using bio fuel with the effect that CO2 and sulphur pollution is considerably reduced. Environmental consideration is in the heart of the operation in Hässelby and the plant is environmentally certified in accordance to the ISO 14001 standard.

The plant in Hässelby has a long history but also an exciting future. Right now we are working on a project that will convert boiler 4 from fossil oil to bio- and recycled fuel. Ine the future the boiler will produce both heat and electricity. Since the purification process is very efficient in the plant there is many possibilities to use other fuels other then the wood pellets. Wood pellets is more suitable for private houses. In our constant quest for new fuels we are also looking at other fuel options for boilers 1-3, such as energy crops for instance.

Download Hässelby CHP power plant brochure.pdf

The Högdalen CHP-plant is a state of the art facility for waste incineration. The plant produces electricity and district heating out of waste and other biofuels such as woodchips and treated industry waste. The plant can handle 700 000 tonnes of waste per year.

The Högdalen plant has been used for waste incineration since 1970. The household waste was turned into electricity instead of landfill. When the district heating network grew in Stockholm it was decided to turn Högdalen into a Combined Heat and Power-plant. The plants two waste heated steam boilers was reinforced with a oil heated steam boiler in 1979. In the same year two oil heated hot water boilers was also constructed.

In connection to the construction of the new heat production facilities the plant was connected to the local district heating network. The waste fuels efficiency varies depending on the composition of the waste. To compensate for this a hot water accumulator was installed. In 1979 the reconstruction was finished and ever since the plant produces both electricity and heat.

In the 1980´s an electricity boiler was installed. In 1986 a third industrial waste boiler was installed. In 1999 boiler 6 was built to handle industrial waste. In 2005 the household waste boiler 4 was inaugurated.

The hot water boilers is now gone and boiler 5 that used to be fuelled with fossil oil is now fuelled with bio oil. In the plant there are two steam turbines for electricity production, G1 that was installed 1969 and G6 which was installed in connection to the construction of boiler 6 1999. G1 has an effect of 27 MW and the G6 an effect of 44 MW.

The Högdalen CHP-plant produces heat for the south district heating network in Stockholm. The south district heating network is since 2007 connected to the central district heating network via pipes under Riddarfjärden in central Stockholm. The south district heating grid is also connected to Söderenergis district heating network in the south.

Film about Högdalen

Download Högdalen CHP power plant brochure.pdf

Central Stockholm is the location of one of Europe’s largest district heating and cooling systems. The system also includes electricity generation, which takes place mainly at the Värtaverket plant – a familiar feature of the Stockholm skyline.

The heat from Värtaverket is produced mostly by combined heating and power plants and/or heat pumps, depending on heat requirements, electricity prices and fuel prices at any one time. When the outside temperature really drops, so-called hot water boilers are used to help with the production of district heating. Värtaverket’s combined heating and power plant (KVV6) uses coal and biofuels to produce heat and electricity, with fuel and ash processed in an entirely closed system in order to minimise problems with dust, noise and smell. In a normal year, KVV6 supplies about 50 % of heat production at the plant.

A heat gas condensator is connected to the KVV6. Heat gas condensation is a method to extract heat from the chimney gas from the incineration in the CHP. Depending on which fuel is used the chimney gases consists of different amounts of water vapour. By cooling the chimney gases below the vapours dew point the gases condensates and the condensation heat is released. The heat is then used to heat the district heating grid. Electricity and heat can also be produced at Värtaverket’s other combined heating and power plant (KVV1), which uses liquid fuel, mainly bio-oil.

The heat pump facility at Ropsten produces heat using natural cycles. Solar energy stored in the water at Lilla Värtan is converted using electricity into environmentally friendly district heating. The electricity used in the process produces three times the remote heating supplied to customers – cleanly and efficiently. Further efficiency gains are achieved by also producing district cooling at Ropsten’s heat pump facility. This is done initially by using the cold water in Lilla Värtan, referred to as natural cooling, but during the summer the temperature of the seawater is sometimes too high, which is when the heat pumps get to help out – thus producing a double benefit! The cold is then distributed in a separate system to customers throughout central Stockholm all year round.

Finally there is also Energihamnen, located at Norra kajen directly south of the Lidingö bridge. This where all the fuel arrives that is used in Värtaverket and several of Fortum Värme’s other facilities in the Stockholm region. Fuel is transported to Energihamnen by boat or rail in order to minimise the environmental effect of transport, thus benefiting both the local and the global environment. From Energihamnen, liquid fuel is transported to other facilities with quays by means of a specially developed double-hulled barge. Here as well there is the influence of environmental factors - barges in order to reduce traffic on Valhallavägen and double hulls to protect the aquatic environment.

In years to come Fortum will make big investments in Värtaverket. The investments will increase the amount of renewable and climate benign production even more. By the year 2015 the percentage of renewable fuels will go from todays 45 % to 70 %. The investments will turn Värtaverket into Europe´s biggest bio fuel heated climate benign CHP-plant. The investments in Värtaverket is part of Fortum´s Roadmap 2020. Roadmap 2020 will turn the district heating in Stockholm climate neutral by the year 2030.

Download Värta CHP power plant brochure.pdf

5/10/2011

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